{"id":3113,"date":"2023-09-19T04:29:25","date_gmt":"2023-09-19T04:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/?p=3113"},"modified":"2025-03-21T12:52:34","modified_gmt":"2025-03-21T12:52:34","slug":"%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%ba-%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be-%d1%80%d1%8f%d0%b9%d1%81%d1%8f%d0%bb%d1%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/?p=3113","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043a \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e (\u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0412 XII-XIV \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c. \u0412 1939 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 8000 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a. \u0412 \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e 14 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435. \u0412 1912 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0419\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0444\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0440\u0445\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b 1939-1940 \u0433\u0433. \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0437\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044e \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0412 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e. \u0412\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-ideabox-toc ib-block-toc\" data-anchors='h2,h3,h4,h5,h6' data-collapsable='true' ><div class=\"ib-toc-container ib-toc-list-style-numbers ib-toc-hierarchical ib-toc-expanded\"><div class=\"ib-toc-header\"><div class=\"ib-toc-header-title\">\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/div><div class=\"ib-toc-header-right\"><span class=\"ib-toc-icon-collapse\"><span class=\"dashicon dashicons dashicons-minus\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"ib-toc-icon-expand\"><span class=\"dashicon dashicons dashicons-plus\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ib-toc-separator\" style=\"height:2px\"><\/div><div class=\"ib-toc-body\"><ol class=\"ib-toc-anchors\"><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-background-color has-background\" id=\"2-toc-title\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/yandex.ru\/map-widget\/v1\/?um=constructor%3A2aa6c15841afaa8799f49f95d05e5e63949fa7fc55a17ec3ce40dfd208f41983&amp;source=constructor\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-background-color has-background\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"\/?p=9035\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/kir_mel2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/kir_mel2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/kir_mel2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/kir_mel2-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u041b\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0440\u0445\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"\/?p=9035\">\u041b\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f&nbsp;\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0445\u0430 \u0432&nbsp;\u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435<\/a><\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1912 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0419\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0444\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/a>. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b 4-\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pam_fin1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pam_fin1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pam_fin1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pam_fin1-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/strong>, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0432 1939-1940 \u0438 \u0432 1941-1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b \u2014 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dom_sv.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dom_sv.jpg 800w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dom_sv-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dom_sv-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0423\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0446 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 1858 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 <strong>\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (\u0442.\u043d. &#171;\u041f\u0430\u043f\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0430&#187;) \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439&nbsp;\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441 1906 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0440 \u0423\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u043d (1893-1978). \u041d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 &#8212; \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_114904-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_114904-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_114904-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_114904-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_114904.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0428\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0442\u0443. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044c\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/strong> \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442 <strong>\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0428\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0442,_\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440_\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0428\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0442\u0443<\/a><\/strong>, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120112-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120112-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120112-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120112-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120112.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0412 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f <strong>\u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/strong>, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 1998-2002 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0414. \u042e. \u041a\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120214-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120214-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120214-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120214-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_120214-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0411\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0411\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0412 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"\/?p=10694\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_135748.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_135748.jpg 800w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_135748-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_135748-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u044f \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0443\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong><a href=\"\/?p=10694\">\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u044f \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0443\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435<\/a><\/strong> \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u044f \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"\/?p=11262\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prioz27.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2011\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prioz27.jpg 800w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prioz27-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prioz27-768x477.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0422\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong><a href=\"\/?p=11262\">\u0422\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0449\u0435<\/a>.<\/strong> \u0422\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0449\u0435 (\u0422\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0422\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a, \u0444\u0438\u043d. Tiurinlinna) \u2014 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0435\u0432 14 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0443\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435 \u0432 4 \u043a\u043c \u044e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u043e (\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438) \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435-\u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_124313-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11748\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_124313-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_124313-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_124313-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_124313-850x478.jpg 850w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20230528_124313.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u043f\u043e\u0441. \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_142846-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11747\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_142846-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_142846-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_142846-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_142846-850x478.jpg 850w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_142846.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0412 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_145729-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11749\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_145729-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_145729-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_145729-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_145729-850x478.jpg 850w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_145729.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u041d\u0430 \u0412\u0443\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_141632-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11753\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_141632-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_141632-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_141632-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_141632-850x478.jpg 850w, https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/20220927_141632.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0412 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u041c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u044f \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0443\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/f2SC_PQRYps?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 XII-XIV \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0430. \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c. \u0412 1939 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 8000 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a. \u0412 \u0420\u044f\u0439\u0441\u044f\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e 14 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435. \u0412 1912 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0419\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0444\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3114,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,66],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7","category-66"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3113"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11754,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3113\/revisions\/11754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3114"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.travel-for-life.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}